IJSTR

International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research

Home Contact Us
ARCHIVES
ISSN 2277-8616











 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

IJSTR >> Volume 10 - Issue 5, May 2021 Edition



International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research  
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research

Website: http://www.ijstr.org

ISSN 2277-8616



A Review Of Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry And Pharmacological Activities Of Alepidea Species

[Full Text]

 

AUTHOR(S)

Alfred Maroyi

 

KEYWORDS

Alepidea, Apiaceae, herbal medicine, indigenous knowledge, southern Africa, Umbelliferae

 

ABSTRACT

Alepidea species are widely used as traditional medicines in southern Africa. This study aims at providing comprehensive information on the medicinal uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Alepidia species. Electronic databases, including Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Springer Link were used as information sources. Additional information was obtained pre-electronic sources such as books, book chapters, scientific journals and other grey literature obtained from the University library. The diterpenoids, particularly kaurene derivatives, alkaloids, flavonols, flavonoids, phenols, proanthocyanidin, saponins and tannins were the main phytochemical classes identified in the extracts of Alepidea species. Some species of Alepidea exhibited various pharmacological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antiprotozoal, cardiovascular, diuretic and cytotoxicity activities. The genus Alepidea is a valuable source of bioactive phytochemical compounds with therapeutic potential in different diseases. More in vitro and in vivo animal studies are required to confirm the efficacy, safety and the mechanisms of actions before future clinical studies involving Alepidea species.

 

REFERENCES

[1] Duran A, Doğan B, Duman H, Martin E, Öztürk M and Çetin Ö. Taxonomic studies on the genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae) with particular reference to Turkish species and their relationships with some closely related genera. Biologia. 2010; 65: 45-62.
[2] Olle M and Bender I. The content of oils in umbelliferous crops and its formation. Agronomy Reasearch. 2010; 8: 687–696.
[3] Heywood VH. The socio-economic importance of the Apiales. Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy of Istanbul University. 2014; 44: 113-130.
[4] Aćimović MG. Nutraceutical potential of Apiaceae. In: Mérillon JM and Ramawat K (Eds.), Bioactive molecules in food: Reference series in phytochemistry. Springer, Cham; 2017, pp. 1-31.
[5] Sayed-Ahmad B, Talou T, Saad Z, Hijazi A and Merah O. The Apiaceae: Ethnomedicinal family as source for industrial uses. Industrial Crops and Products. 2017; 109: 661–671.
[6] De Castro A and Van Wyk B-E. Diagnostic characters and geographic distribution of Alepidea species used in traditional medicine. South African Journal of Botany. 1994; 60: 345-350.
[7] Van Wyk B-E, Tilney PM and Magee AR. African Apiaceae: A synopsis of the Apiaceae/Umbelliferae of sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar. Briza Academic Books, Pretoria; 2013.
[8] Hutchinson S-L, Van Wyk B-E and Magee AR. A taxonomic revision of the Alepidea setifera group (Apiaceae, Apioideae), the description of a new species, A. inflexa, and the reinstatement of A. jenkinsii. South African Journal of Botany. 2017; 111: 1–11.
[9] Watt JM and Breyer-Brandwijk MG. The medicinal and poisonous plants of southern and eastern Africa. 2nd ed. Livingstone, London; 1962.
[10] Hutchings A, Scott AH, Lewis G and Cunningham A. Zulu medicinal plants: An inventory. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg; 1996.
[11] Van Wyk B-E, Van Oudtshoorn B and Gericke N. Medicinal plants of South Africa. Briza Publications, Pretoria; 2013.
[12] Asowata-Ayodele AM, Afolayan AJ and Otunola GA. Ethnobotanical survey of culinary herbs and spices used in the traditional medicinal system of Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 2016; 104: 69–75.
[13] Welcome AK and Van Wyk B-E. An inventory and analysis of the food plants of southern Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 2019; 122: 136–179.
[14] Fox FW and Norwood Young ME. Food from the Veld. Delta Books, Johannesburg; 1982.
[15] Jansen PCM. Alepidea peduncularis Steud. ex A.Rich. In: Grubben GJH and Denton OA (Eds.), Plant resources of tropical Africa 2: Vegetables. Backyhuys Publishers, Leiden; 2004, pp. 40-41.
[16] Long C. Swaziland's Flora: siSwati names and uses. Swaziland National Trust Commission; 2005. Available at: http://www.sntc.org.sz/index.asp, accessed on 15 February 2021.
[17] Mulaudzi RB. Seed germination and medicinal properties of Alepidea species. MSc Dissertation. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg; 2009.
[18] Van Wyk B-E and Gericke N. People’s plants: A guide to useful plants of southern Africa. Briza Publications, Pretoria, South Africa; 2018.
[19] Van Wyk B-E. The potential of South African plants in the development of new food and beverage products. South African Journal of Botany. 2011; 77: 857–868.
[20] Van Wyk B-E. A review of African medicinal and aromatic plants. In: Neffati M, Najjaa H and Mathé A (Eds.), Medicinal and aromatic plants of the world: Africa volume 3. Springer, Leiden; 2017, pp. 19-60.
[21] Maroyi A. From traditional usage to pharmacological evidence: Systematic review of Gunnera perpensa L. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2016, volume 2016, article ID 1720123.
[22] Afolayan AJ and Lewu FB. Antimicrobial activity of Alepidea amatymbica. Pharmaceutical Biology. 2009; 47: 436-439.
[23] Moffett R. Sesotho plant and animal names and plants used by the Basotho. Sun Press, Bloemfontein; 2010.
[24] Pujol J. Nature Africa: The herbalist handbook. Jean Pujol Natural Healers' Foundation, Durban; 1990.
[25] Ndhlala AR, Anthonissen R, Stafford GI, Finnie JF, Verschaeve L and Van Staden J. In vitro cytotoxic and mutagenic evaluation of thirteen commercial herbal mixtures sold in KwaZulu-Natal South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 2010; 76: 132–138.
[26] Madikizela B, Ndhlala AR, Rengasamy KRR, McGaw LJ and Van Staden J. Pharmacological evaluation of two South African commercial herbal remedies and their plant constituents. South African Journal of Botany. 2017; 111: 291–298.
[27] Dold AP and Cocks ML. The trade in medicinal plants in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. South African Journal of Science. 2002; 98: 589-597.
[28] Loundou PM. Medicinal plant trade and opportunities for sustainable management in the Cape Peninsula, South Africa. MSc Dissertation. University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch; 2008.
[29] Van Wyk B-E, De Castro A, Tilney PM, Winter PJD and Magee AR. A new species of Alepidea (Apiaceae, subfam Saniculoideae). South Africa Journal of Botany. 2008; 74: 740–745.
[30] Williams VL, Balkwill K and Witkowski ETF. A lexicon of plants traded in the Witwatersrand umuthi shops, South Africa. Bothalia. 2001; 31: 71-98.
[31] Hutchinson S-L, Sandasi M, Viljoen AM, Van Wyk B-E and Magee AR. Chemical and DNA fingerprinting of ikhathazo (Alepidea, Apiaceae): Applications for conservation and monitoring of trade. South African Journal of Botany. 2016; 103: 3018.
[32] Cunningham AB. African medicinal plants: setting priorities at the interface between conservation and primary health care. People and Plants working paper 1, UNESCO, Paris; 1993.
[33] Mander M. Marketing of indigenous medicinal plants in South Africa: A case study in KwaZulu-Natal. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome; 1998.
[34] Moeng ET and Potgieter MJ. The trade of medicinal plants by muthi shops and street vendors in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2011; 5: 558-564.
[35] Rasethe MT, Semenya SS and Maroyi A. Medicinal plants traded in informal herbal medicine markets of the Limpopo province, South Africa. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2019, volume 2019, article ID 2609532.
[36] Monakisi CM. Knowledge and use of traditional medicinal plants by the Setswana-speaking community of Kimberley, Northern Cape of South Africa. MSc Dissertation. University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch; 2007.
[37] Gerstner J. A preliminary checklist of Zulu names of plants. Bantu Studies. 1938; 12: 215-236.
[38] Wiersum KF, Husselman M, Dold AP and Cocks ML. Cultivation of medicinal plants as a tool for biodiversity conservation and poverty alleviation in the Amatola region, South Africa. In: Bogers RJ, Craker LE and Lange D (Eds.), Medicinal and aromatic plants: Agricultural, commercial, ecological, legal, pharmacological and social aspects. Springer, Dordrecht; 2006, pp. 43–57.
[39] Zonyane S, Vuuren SFV and Makunga NP. Antimicrobial interactions of Khoi-San poly-herbal remedies with emphasis on the combination; Agathosma crenulata, Dodonaea viscosa and Eucalyptus globulus. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2013; 148: 144–151
[40] Maroyi A. Cissampelos capensis L.f. (Menispermaceae): Review of its medicinal uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2020; 11: 5948-5955.
[41] Omoruyi BE, Bradley G and Afolayan AJ. Ethnomedicinal survey of medicinal plants used for the management of HIV/AIDS infection among local communities of Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2012; 6: 3603-3608.
[42] Njume C, Afolayan AJ and Ndip RN. Diversity of plants used in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori associated morbidities in the Nkonkobe municipality of the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2011; 5: 3146-3151.
[43] Sewani-Rusike CR and Mammen M. Medicinal plants used as home remedies: A family survey by first year medical students. African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2014; 11: 67-72.
[44] Masafa MM, Mbajiorgu CA, Nemadodzi LE and Kabine ES. A study of natural habitats and uses of medicinal plants in Thulamela and JS Moroko Municipalities, South Africa. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 2016; 15: 363–369.
[45] Otang WM, Grierson DS and Ndip RN. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the management of opportunistic fungal infections in HIV/AIDS patients in the Amathole District of the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2012; 6: 2071-2080.
[46] Bhat RB. Medicinal plants and practices of Xhosa people in Transkei region of Eastern Cape, South Africa. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 2014; 13: 292–298.
[47] Maroyi A. Diversity of use and local knowledge of wild and cultivated plants in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2017; 13: 43.
[48] Semenya SS and Maroyi A. Therapeutic plants used by traditional health practitioners to treat pneumonia in the Limpopo province, South Africa. Latin American and Caribbean Bulletin of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 2018; 17: 583-603.
[49] Semenya SS and Maroyi A. DATA ON MEDICINAL PLANTS USED TO TREAT RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS AND RELATED SYMPTOMS IN SOUTH AFRICA. DATA IN BRIEF. 2018; 21: 419-423.
[50] Semenya SS and Maroyi A. Source, harvesting, conservation status, threats and management of indigenous plant used for respiratory infections and related symptoms in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Biodiversitas. 2019; 20: 790-811.
[51] Somova LI, Shode FO, Moodley K and Govender Y. Cardiovascular and diuretic activity of kaurene derivatives of Xylopia aethiopica and Alepidea amatymbica. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2001; 77: 165–174.
[52] Cocks ML and Dold AP. Cultural significance of biodiversity: The role of medicinal plants in urban African cultural practices in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Journal of Ethnobiology. 2006; 26: 60–81.
[53] Appidi JR, Grierson DS and Afolayan AJ. Ethnobotanical study of plants used for the treatment of diarrhoea in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2008; 11: 1961–1963.
[54] Mulaudzi RB, Kulkarni MG, Finnie JF and Van Staden J. Optimizing seed germuination and seedling vigour of Alepidea amatymbica and Alepidea natalensis. Seed Science and Technology. 2009; 37: 527-533.
[55] Mulaudzi R, Kulkarni M, Finnie J and Van Staden J. Seed germination of Alepidea species: Heavily traded and threatened medicinal plants in South Africa. African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 2009; 6: 345-346.
[56] Mulaudzi RB, Ndhlala AR, Finnie JF and Van Staden J. Antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and genotoxicity activity of Alepidea amatymbica and Alepidea natalensis (Apiaceae). South African Journal of Botany. 2009; 75: 584–587.
[57] Afolayan AJ and Mbaebie BO. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used as anti-obesity remedies in Nkonkobe Municipality of South Africa. Pharmacognosy Journal. 2010; 2: 368-373.
[58] Wintola OA and Afolayan AJ. Ethnobotanical survey of plants used for the treatment of constipation within Nkonkobe Municipality of South Africa. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2010; 9: 7767-7770.
[59] Philander LA. An ethnobotany of Western Cape Rasta bush medicine. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2011; 138: 578–594.
[60] Olajuyigbe OO and Afolayan AJ. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2012; 6: 3415-3424.
[61] Louvel S, Moodley N, Seibert I, Steenkamp P, Nthambeleni R, Vidal V, Maharaj V and Klimkait T. Identification of compounds from the plant species Alepidea amatymbica active against HIV. South African Journal of Botany. 2013; 86: 9–14.
[62] Afolayan AJ and Wintola OA. A survey of medicinal plants used in the treatment of dysentery in Amathole District Municipality, South Africa. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 2014; 46: 1685-1692.
[63] Okem A, Southway C, Stirk WA, Street RA, Finnie JF and Van Staden J. Heavy metal contamination in South African medicinal plants: A cause for concern. South African Journal of Botany. 2014; 93: 125–130.
[64] Muleya E, Ahmed AS, Sipamla AM, Mtunzi FM and Mutatu W. Pharmacological properties of Pomaria sandersonii, Pentanisia prunelloides and Alepidea amatymbica extracts using in vitro assays. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy. 2015; 7: 1-8.
[65] Muleya E, Okoli BJ, Mtunzi FM and Sekomeng MJ. 2017. Diterpenoids of Alepidea amatymbica Eckl. & Zeyh: Studies of their cytotoxic, antimicrobial and lipoxygenase inhibitory activities. MOJ Biorganic and Organic Chemistry. 2017; 1: 103‒111.
[66] Wintola OA, Otang WM and Afolayan AJ. The prevalence and perceived efficacy of medicinal plants used for stomach ailments in the Amathole District Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 2017; 108: 144–148.
[67] Komoreng L, Thekisoe O, Lehasa S, Tiwani T, Mzizi N, Mokoena N, Khambule N, Ndebele S and Mdletshe N. An ethnobotanical survey of traditional medicinal plants used against lymphatic filariasis in South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 2017; 111: 12–16.
[68] Gerstner J. 1939. A preliminary checklist of Zulu names of plants with short notes. Bantu Studies. 1939; 13: 307-326.
[69] Hutchings A. Observations on plant usage in Xhosa and Zulu medicine. Bothalia. 1989; 19: 225–235.
[70] Holzapfel CW, Van Wyk B-E, De Castro A, Marais W and Herbst M. A chemotaxonomic survey of kaurene derivatives in the genus Alepidea (Apiaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 1996; 23: 799–803.
[71] Madikizela B, Kambizi L and McGaw LJ. An ethnobotanical survey of plants used traditionally to treat tuberculosis in the eastern region of O.R. Tambo district, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 2017; 109: 231–236.
[72] Semenya SS and Maroyi A. Plants used by Bapedi traditional healers to treat asthma and related symptoms in Limpopo province, South Africa. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2018; volume 2018, article ID 2183705.
[73] Semenya SS and Maroyi A. Ethnobotanical survey of plants used by Bapedi traditional healers to treat tuberculosis and its opportunistic infections in the Limpopo province, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 2019; 122: 401–421.
[74] Semenya SS and Maroyi A. Ethnobotanical survey of plants used to treat respiratory infections and related symptoms in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Journal of Herbal Medicine. 2020; 24: 100390.
[75] Afolayan AJ, Grierson DS and Mbeng WO. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the management of skin disorders among the Xhosa communities of the Amathole District, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2014; 153: 220–232.
[76] Bhat RB. Plants of Xhosa people in the Transkei region of Eastern Cape (South Africa) with major pharmacological and therapeutic properties. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2013; 7: 1474-1480.
[77] Hughes G, Blouws T, Aboyade O, Davids D, Mbamalu O, Van’t Klooster C, De Jong J and Gibson D. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by traditional health practitioners to manage HIV and its related opportunistic infections in Mpoza, Eastern Cape province, South Africa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2015; 171: 109–115.
[78] Semenya SS and Maroyi A. Source of plants, used by Bapedi traditional healers for respiratory infections and related symptoms in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Journal of Biological Sciences. 2019; 19: 101-121.
[79] Jacot Guillarmod A. Flora of Lesotho. Cramer, Lehre; 1971.
[80] Gelfand M, Mavi S, Drummond RB and Ndemera B. The traditional medical practitioner in Zimbabwe: His principles of practice and pharmacopoeia. Mambo Press, Gweru, Zimbabwe; 1985.
[81] Moteetee A and Van Wyk B-E. The medical ethnobotany of Lesotho: A review. Bothalia. 2011; 41: 209–228.
[82] Mavi S. Medicinal plants and their uses in Zimbabwe. In: Norman H, Snyman I and Cohen M (Eds.), Indigenous knowledge and its uses in southern Africa. Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria; 1996, pp. 67-73.
[83] Chinemana F, Drummond RB, Mavi S and De Zoysa I. Indigenous plant remedies in Zimbabwe. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1985; 14: 159-172.
[84] Bandeira SO, Gaspar F and Pagula FP. African ethnobotany and healthcare: Emphasis on Mozambique. Pharmaceutical Biology. 2001; 39: 70–73.
[85] Fowler DG. Traditional fever remedies: A list of Zambian plants. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond; 2006.
[86] Hutchings A. A survey and analysis of traditional medicinal plants as used by the Zulu, Xhosa and Sotho. Bothalia. 1989; 19: 111–123.
[87] Watt JM and Brandwijk MG. Suto (Basuto) medicines. Bantu Studies. 1927; 3: 154–178.
[88] Moeng ET. Analysis of Muthi shops and street vendors on medicinal plants of the Limpopo Province. MSc Dissertation. University of Limpopo, Mankweng; 2010.
[89] Mogale MMP, Raimondo DC and Van Wyk B-E. The ethnobotany of central Sekhukhuneland, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 2019; 122: 90–119.
[90] Moteetee A, Moffett RO and Seleteng-Kose L. A review of the ethnobotany of the Basotho of Lesotho and the Free State province of South Africa (South Sotho). South African Journal of Botany. 2019; 122: 21–56.
[91] Rustaiyan A and Sadjadi AS. Kaurene derivatives from Alepidea amatynsia. Phytochemistry. 1987; 26: 2106-2107.
[92] Mangoale RM and Afolayan AJ. Comparative phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of wild and cultivated Alepidea amatymbica Eckl & Zeyh. BioMed Research International. 2010; volume 2020, article ID 5808624.
[93] Olivier D, Van Wyk B-E and Van Heerden F. The chemotaxonomic and medicinal significance of phenolic acids in Arctopus and Alepidea (Apiaceae subfamily Saniculoideae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 2008;36:724–729.
[94] Crowden RK, Harborne JB and Heywood VH. Chemosystematics of the Umbelliferae: A general survey. Phytochemistry. 1969; 8: 1963-1984.
[95] Stafford GI, Jäger AK and Van Staden J. Effect of storage on the chemical composition and biological activity of several popular South African medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2005; 97: 107–115.
[96] Njume C, Afolayan AJ and Ndip RN. Aqueous and organic solvent-extracts of selected South African medicinal plants possess antimicrobial activity against drug-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori: Inhibitory and bactericidal potential. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2011; 12: 5652-5665.
[97] Clarkson C, Maharaj VJ, Crouch NR, Grace OM, Pillay P, Matsabisa MG, Bhagwandin N, Smith PJ and Folb PI. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of medicinal plants native to or naturalised in South Africa. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2004; 92: 177-191.
[98] Mokoka TA. The discovery and characterization of antiprotozoal compounds from South African medicinal plants by a HPLC-based activity profiling technique. MSc Dissertation. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg; 2013.
[99] Mokoka TA, Zimmermann S, Julianti T, Hata Y, Moodley N, Cal M, Adams M, Kaiser M, Brun R, Koorbanally N and Hamburger M. In vitro screening of traditional South African malaria remedies against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania donovani, and Plasmodium falciparum. Planta Medica. 2011; 77: 1663–1667.